Planning is multidimensional. To create sustainable and equitable settlements, planners focus on economic viability, social needs, and physical infrastructure.
1️⃣ Economic Planning
Definition: Economic planning in the urban context refers to the allocation and management of financial and material resources to promote balanced growth and development.
🔹 Objectives
Ensure efficient use of resources (land, labor, capital).
Promote industrial and commercial development.
Reduce regional disparities.
Support employment generation and income equality.
🔹 Key Elements
🔹 Example
Establishing an industrial estate in a city outskirts: provides jobs, attracts investment, and stimulates local economy.
2️⃣ Social Planning
Definition: Social planning ensures that human and community needs are met in the planning process. It focuses on equity, accessibility, and quality of life.
🔹 Objectives
Address housing, health, education, and welfare.
Promote social integration and reduce inequality.
Support cultural and recreational activities.
🔹 Key Elements
🔹 Example
Planning a residential neighborhood with schools, parks, and community centers to meet social needs of residents.
3️⃣ Physical Planning
Definition: Physical planning deals with the spatial organization of land, infrastructure, and built environment. It translates social and economic objectives into tangible, spatial layouts.
🔹 Objectives
Ensure efficient land use and circulation.
Provide adequate infrastructure and utilities.
Maintain environmental sustainability.
Enhance urban form, aesthetics, and safety.
🔹 Key Elements
🔹 Example
Designing a mixed-use urban sector: residential blocks, commercial spaces, roads, and parks integrated into a cohesive plan.
4️⃣ Integration of Economics, Social, and Physical Planning
✅ Key point: Effective planning requires simultaneous consideration of economic viability, social well-being, and physical layout to create functional, equitable, and sustainable environments.
